“Still Life in Landscape” by Sharon Olds

Drunk driving is a known problem throughout the world, there are many accidents and deaths that occur each day because of stupidity and ignorance. In many cases families are torn apart and left heartbroken for the rest of their lives because of drunk driving. Drunk driving is the number one major cause of accidents and deaths on the road. Carelessness is responsible for drunk driving, and can be easily avoided, it can deal a great amount of pain and suffering and change the lives of many.The poem sets up a true meaning of what reality really is and can be seen and interpreted through the different perspectives by the child, reader and audience. The child in the poem in â€Å"Still Life in Landscape† by Sharon Olds interprets the poem as being reality and see’s for herself the dangers that exist. The child’s description of what she sees send a strong image to the reader that reality does exist and these things happen everyday.The gruesome imagery in this poem is u sed to make a strong statement about reality. All these examples can be explored even further. The author in â€Å"Still in Landscape† uses some very descriptive gruesome imagery to describe the scene of the car crash. The imagery that is used in this poem is intended to make a very strong impact on how reality is really displayed and what really goes on in the world. The author narrates the poem through the eyes of the child and describes what the child sees and feels. A woman was lying on the highway, on her back, with her head curled back and tucked under her shoulders so the back of her head touched her spine between her shoulder-blades, her clothes mostly accidented off, and her leg gone, a long bone sticking out of the stub of her thigh, my mother grabbed my head and turned it and clamped it into her chest, between her breasts†(Lines 3-13). The child is seeing reality at first hand and her mother can only grab her head and turn it clamped into her chest.The mother is not really protecting her child by just holding her but representing the endless number of bystanders in the world that do nothing about people that create and cause these tragedies. Throughout the poem in â€Å"Still Life in Landscape† the child is experiencing a true feeling of what reality really is. She sees the horrible scene of the crash site with the woman lying on her back with the back of her head touching her spine. â€Å"A woman was lying on the highway, on her back, with her head curled back and tucked under her shoulders so the back of her head touched her spine†(Lines 3-5).This description of what the child sees at the crash site makes you shiver and makes you feel query and makes you realize that this is really what goes on in the world. The consequences to drunk driving can be unforgettable when the outcome comes out to be death or pain to another family. Tragedy is happening all around us. We do not always see it. The cars do not always collide, bu t people still drive drunk. This problem will continue to grow, and people will continue to suffer. This is what reality is really about. But is there anyway to prevent situations like this?Will it ever stop? That is what the poem is addressing. Reality is that people die, all the time, due to stupidity and ignorance. Society usually believes only what it really wants to believe, it wants to ignore reality and live a healthy life without any circumstances, but that’s not how it is. If People witness or experience actual events of disaster or trauma only then do they really experience true reality. Carelessness can have a great impact on society or on an individual whether it showing up in drunk driving or any other problem related to reality.Works Cited Sharon Olds, The Upswept Room (2003) NY: Alfred A. Knopf, p. 23.

Weekly Reflection

I was comfortable with this weeks topic. Currently working in a Business Process Outsourcing (BOP) unit, economic cost concepts are part of my daily routine. Applying economic cost concepts is crucial to my Fortune 500 Company and the clients we serve. Forecasting and cost analysis is another vital part of my business for both process Improvement and staffing. Difficult Topics I did not quite get the economic cost concepts relating to equilibrium, but after further discussion with team members the comparison was understandable on how companies apply the demand and pricing of economic concepts In business sessions.Team members provided an explanation of Wall-Mart rollback pricing, and school tax-exempt weekend. This enabled me to grasp the concept. Consequently, In my opinion, applying economic cost concepts In making business decisions Is imperative for an organization within the company. In addition, the following factors are vital in decision-making pertaining to economic cost with in a business profit, capital, pricing, demand, forecasting, and cost analysis. Application In the Workplace As veterans, we can relate to how economic costs affect the military.In particular, deiced cost for active duty, retired, and disabled military members. For example, the military pays Injured members dillydally and medical expenses; however, the pay Is at the present rate of medical expenses but does not take Into account future payments at a higher cost. The military may consider reducing the cost of future pay, the variance Involving dillydally pay, and the member's future earnings. Conclusion In conclusion, Team Bi's discussion of the week two objectives was helpful In understanding the material for the week.The objectives for week two Include Identifying production level to maximize profits, explaining balancing fixed and variable costs, and applying economic cost concepts In making business decisions. By tripping another vital part of my business for both process improve ment and staffing. Companies apply the demand and pricing of economic concepts in business school tax-exempt weekend. This enabled me to grasp the concept. Consequently, in my opinion, applying economic cost concepts in making business decisions is capital, pricing, demand, forecasting, and cost analysis.Application in the Workplace he military pays injured members disability and medical expenses; however, the pay is at the present rate of medical expenses but does not take into account future the variance involving disability pay, and the member's future earnings. In conclusion, Team Bi's discussion of the week two objectives was helpful in understanding the material for the week. The objectives for week two include identifying production level to maximize profits, explaining balancing fixed and variable costs, and applying economic cost concepts in making business decisions.

About Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

About Apple - Essay Example being loved by money, it faces competition from companies such as Google, Microsoft (in terms of computer software design and production) and other phone making companies in Asia like in China for example which mass produces cheap phones. This made Apple come up with a strategy that would make their products and especially the phone more appealing. They decided to have graffiti in and on their phones in a bid to promote art and also attract art lovers. This graffiti started becoming so popular in late last decade. It became popular because people could now personalize their phones not only in the applications through handwriting but also on the covers of the iPhone. Due to the fact that many individuals had the iPhones, the graffiti was welcome to distinguish people’s phones and portray not only the artistic intelligence of an individual but also it could communicate a lot about a person just by observing the graffiti on a person’s iPhone. Vandalism according to Apple is destruction of the beauty of their products for example the iPhone. Vandalism involves use of bad art like bad drawings on the cover of the iPhone in the name of beautifying it and in the long destroys its durability and even some of its features and application. Street art on the other hand is the graffiti done on the iPhone by people in the streets. These people are not necessarily authorized by Apple to work for them but they bring the graffiti from the shop to the street. Some may vandalize the product but majority really personalize the iPhone based on the owner’s liking and tastes (Banksy 102). There are types of graffiti that are classified and considered vandalism while others are considered art; this is because of many reasons. One of the reasons depends on who painted or drew the graffiti. If it was carried out by an inexperienced and untalented person, then it is bad and considered vandalism compared to if it was carried by a professional who would make it be considered art. The

Choose one Experiential Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Choose one Experiential Project - Essay Example In a criminal justice system, these three separate outfits work together both as the primary means of maintaining the rule of law in society and under the rule of law. America is recognized for having one of the most advanced judicial systems in the entire universe. Every day a large number of people, including police officers, accused criminals, judges, lawyers, and government officials, play a part in this system, attempting to work for justice and settle disputes. What makes the American justice system more incredible is that it has the capacity to function successfully in a country which is diverse and large. Police officers, judges, lawyers, and government officials play a significant part in the legal system, a role that is frequently unknown, disregarded, or misunderstood by most members of the public. The interview with the police officer was conducted over a period of three days. The interview had to go on for three days because the meeting could only take place in the eveni ng after work and the police officer had to go to his evening part time occupation. The police officer has been in the profession for almost fifteen years. The police officer is medium build and almost six feet tall. He is also married and has two children. In contrast to his build and tall physique, he is soft-spoken, and never responded to my questions without a bit of a pause. Nevertheless, he courteously refused his identity to be revealed (Fuller, 2005). This paper will be in form of a narrative based on the police officer’s interview regarding his views on the criminal justice system. The paper will look at whether the criminal justice system works, in what ways it does not work, and the future of the criminal justice system. The paper will also compare and contrast what the police officer says with relevant sections of the text. The conclusion of the paper will address lessons derived from speaking with the police officer. In the view of the police officer, the United State’s criminal justice system largely works, but there are ways in which it does not work. The police officer also gave me his views on the future of the criminal justice system. According to the police officer, one of the things that make the criminal justice system work is a carefully ordered and balanced hierarchy. A number of different federal courts deal with issues that are related to federal law and every state has its specific set of courts which adapt to the desires of the people. In addition, all through the different stages of the process, there is constitutional protection to make sure that the liberties of the convicted and accused are respected. These protections balance the fundamental liberties of the accused and the need of the criminal justice system to probe and take legal actions against criminals (Fuller, 2005). Moreover, the police officer argued that there are a number of rights obtained from the constitution which safeguards the accused from cruelty and overreaching from law enforcement officers. The most significant of these rights are arguably the Fourth Amendment which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and the Miranda advisement. The Fourth Amendment which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures prevents law enforcement officers from searching a criminal suspect or his premises without a search warrant. Nevertheless, the officers asserted that there are exemptions for explanatory situations, for example, when a police

Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Case Analysis - Essay Example One another importance service provided by BizRate was research on the market performance of the companies. The web portal made use of the customized survey forms filed by the customers to tabulate the research findings. These research findings acquired much market demand as it helped the companies to analyse their market performance and strategies. In October 1999, BizRate released a new website which had added features like merchandising and referral services. The company along with its listed merchants gained remarkably huge response for this innovation. The pace of market involvement and revenue generation was accelerated through this creative effort. This prophesied the scope that the company would have in ecommerce. However a concentration on ecommerce would mean that the company will have to drop out its research services as managing both effectively would not be possible within the capacity of the company. BizRate is thus in a very important stage where they are to take a cru cial management decision pertaining to the primary focus of the company. Given the advantage that the company gained after lodging newer features like merchandising and referral services, the company and its management has felt the scope that its holds as a ecommerce company. There had been substantial increase in the revenue as well, after the implementation of the new features. However so as to concentrate more on ecommerce, the company will have to completely drop out the research services for which it was renowned for. As the manpower had attained optimal exploration for the sake of research services, it was not possible for the company to equally concentrate on both research and ecommerce with the existing facilities. The company had to fix their primary focus on either of the business operations. The case study does not provide data

International source of finance for india as developing country Dissertation

International source of finance for india as developing country - Dissertation Example The background of this study is to access the need of international sources of finance by India as a developing country. The major cause of underdevelopment in the developing country like India is the shortage of capital. If India depends on its own funds for funding economic development either of the two possibilities comes out. Partial development programs shall be accepted and a low rate of growth will be attained or else people will be required to forfeit to a limit beyond tolerance, which is feasible in an authoritarian state but not in a developing country like India which is a democratic state. So, there is need of international sources of financing in India which is very important for economic development (Hukku, 1989, p.12). Availing of foreign support is not a subject of shame for any country for those who are providing support today had them accepted the same earlier. Almost every developed state has had the support of foreign finance in order to enhance its own inadequate savings during the initial stage of its development. In the initial stages of development significant foreign assistance may be required but slowly foreign support as percentage of development expenses goes on retreating, since the developing nations must gain knowledge of becoming self reliant (Hukku, 1989, pp.12-13). As a developing country, India depends greatly on international sources of financing. The rates of its personal saving are good, as a minimum among the one-third of the population of the country that isn’t living in scarcity. The rapid growth of the economy of India has created much wealth for some people and that wealth is finding the places to grow. Some of it’s discovered its means out of the country, supporting the current wave of overseas acquirements. Rest of them stays home, mostly in Indian banks, accessible for collateralized use. There are various financial institutions and bodies that can fund direct investments in India and they are as follo ws: Overseas Private Investment Corporations, United States Trade and Development Agency, United States Agency for International Development, United Nations, Asian Development Bank, multinational financial aid organizations, bilateral financial aid organizations, local stock markets, and branch offices of foreign banks (Makar, 2010, p.205). This paper will give emphasis on the role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the World Bank in India. Aims and Objectives Aims: The aim of this paper is to explore why there is a need of international sources of finance for India as a developing country and how India use that sources for its own development. Based on background of study and

Import Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Import Project - Essay Example 1. SWOT Analysis Firstly, with regards to why this product has been chosen, it has come to the attention of the stakeholders for this group that there exists a very large submarket for goods within the wine community. As a function of the fact that this community consumes goods based upon utility, function, and the level to which glasses and other tools of the trade can increase the overall experience as well as the taste of the wine. Accordingly, the product is relevant due to the fact that it fills a particular need for resilient wine glasses that are neither exorbitantly expensive no so cheap that they can be considered as little more than a novelty item to be disposed of or shelved away. Naturally, with regards to how the product itself is differentiating, this is of course denoted by the product name and description. Whereas there exist many fine examples of extremely expensive wine glasses on the market, there exist relatively few offerings that both serve to integrate consumer needs with the utility of a wine glass that is not highly fragile. In the past, cheap wine glasses had sacrificed form and function for their resilience; utilizing thick glass or crystal in order to prevent breakage; however, due to the new magnesium fusion process whereby the glass is blown, much thinner crystal is able to be used. In such a way, the glasses have the feel of the much more expensive crystal wine glasses, are able to exhibit the same benefits and/or weight, and are several times more resistant to breakage. Naturally, with regards to the simplicity of the product, it is difficult to get much simpler than a glass that displays a high resistance to breakage. Although it may be seen as something of a luxury good, due to the price range, the product itself is basic and simple as a function of what it is intended to do and the overall demand that exists within the market for a product that can integrate with such a need. In such a way, the glasses themselves fall adequate ly between the more expensive examples of fine wine glass crystal that sells for many times more than the going price for these break-resistant offerings. Furthermore, it is the understanding of the analysis that has been performed that the consumer rational to spend a bit more money on the break-resistant wine glasses will be affected by the added value that will be integrated due to the fact that having break-resistant wine glasses will necessarily reduce the overall amount of money spent over time due to the fact that such a high percentage of wine glasses of lower and higher prices tend to break. Furthermore, yet another added value that will help to integrate the product with the consumer is the fact that these glasses are also dishwasher safe. One of the greatest annoyances for individuals that drink a lot of wine is the fact that the best crystal wine glasses are never intended to go in the dish washer and take the high heat and temperatures therein. Naturally, a SWOT analysi s would begin by stating that the strength of the product is the fact that it fills a particular need within the customer base that is currently under-represented. This is accomplished due to the fact that these wine glasses are substantially more resilient than those other products that have been billed as break-resistant in the past. Similarly, the greatest weakness that is exhibited is the fact that very little is known or understood with relation to this product by the

Critical literature review Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical literature review - Research Paper Example Globalization involves the process of globalizing which implies particularly the growth of a tremendous integrated global economy marked particularly by the free flow of capital, free trade and the tapping of low-cost foreign labor markets. The world has witnessed various advances in the field of communication and enhanced technology that have both made globalization possible. Globalization has become a common phenomenon in the world wherein the most production of goods and services has become international. A key element of the current wave of increased globalization is foreign production chains that presently allow workers to pair easily up across various borders. Although globalization has been seen to have benefits, there are various arguments put forward by lobby societies and protestors who oppose the conditions under which globalization operates. Likewise, the incidence of inequality has been on the rise with many nations not getting a fair share of this global trend. The foll owing literature addresses these concerns and provides more insight into the issue of globalization and inequality. Joyce (2008) in his research addresses the gap that exist between the richest and poorest nations in terms the average GDP per capita levels. The author argues that despite the tremendous increase in globalization, developing nations have continued to drag behind economic wise. In his research, the author provides a review of the evidence on the contributing factors of the disparities in GDP per capita, which has concentrated on the role institutions play in fostering development. These institutions mainly reflect prevailing domestic conditions; however, globalization, as indicated by the Joseph, has an impact on development of these nations. The work adds to the knowledge that globalization has direct effects on economic activity, which impacts the occurrence of poverty,

Critically evaluate feminist arguments against the present system of Essay

Critically evaluate feminist arguments against the present system of science - Essay Example The movement also argued that science, besides perpetuating inequalities between sexes, is excessively focused on rational positivism, specifically on matters of objectivity, exactness, and certainty that seemed in conflict with feminism’s political ideals (Potter, 2006), and specifically with the development of a feminist science that focuses on women’s interests. Feminist Critiques of Science Feminist discourses are stuffed with cases of gender inequalities, especially in the field of science. Since the 1960s, feminist critique of science have shifted from discourses that explained the likelihood of reforming the existing system of science to demands for a total reconstruction of the core bedrock of culture and science (Wyer, 2009). Radical feminism argues that the politics, ethics, metaphysics, and epistemologies of the prevailing system of science are male-biased and interdependent; that in spite of the profoundly embedded Western cultural faith in the inherent obje ctivity or liberalism of science, science nowadays caters mostly to reactionary or backward social inclinations; and that science’s methods of creating and explaining meanings, its approaches to the process of research problem identification and experimental designs, its instruments and applications, and its social structure are not just androcentric but also culturally intimidating, rigidly hierarchical, and racially prejudiced (Outhwaite & Turner, 2007). As explained by Mayberry (2001), in their explorations of how the formation of gender identity, the gender-based differentiation of labour, and gender representation have shaped the historical development and principles of science, feminist scholars have questioned and debunked the social and intellectual system at their core. Feminists have commonly viewed practitioners of science as conspiring, unknowingly or intentionally, in the creation and perpetuation of cultural and social stereotypes about the two sexes. A good exa mple is sociobiology, the field that associated animal behaviour with human behavioural patterns. Sociobiologists generally believe that the environment has a negligible contribution to human development. They have attributed the greatest role to the genes. A well-known sociobiologist, E.O. Wilson argued that, â€Å"It pays males to be aggressive, hasty, fickle, and undiscriminating. In theory it is more profitable for females to be coy, to hold back until they can identify males with the best genes... Human beings obey this biological principle faithfully† (Wyer, 2008, 188). Because of such male-biased statements, feminists have fervently condemned the efforts of sociobiologists to validate and reinforce inequalities between the human sexes. Sociobiology promotes the idea that females are selective and favour monogamous relationships because these traits guarantee the reproduction of their genes. On the other hand, males are naturally promiscuous and prefer polygamous relati onships to guarantee the transmission of their genes (Wyer, 2008, 188). Hilary Rose and Nancy Hartsock support and explained the value of a feminist standpoint perspective, and the importance of developing a form of science that gives consideration to women and women’s worldview and knowledge. These feminist arguments against science blended with an array of other perspectives against positivism, or rigid objectivity and certainty, as the epistemological

Personal Responsibility Essay Example for Free

Personal Responsibility Essay Personal responsible is linked to college success. There are two reasons for practicing personal responsibility. First, setting aside study time, but most importantly, increase ability to focus in classroom. Informal Outline: When enrolling in college, students need to practice personal responsibility. First they must be able to define personal responsibility and what meaning it will have on them during their college semesters. Personal responsibility involves an individual being held accountable for their own actions upon themselves and others. Further, personal responsibility being when you can cease placing blame upon others for your mistakes and when you quit blaming yourself. By achieving this you become honest with yourself, thus allowing yourself to move forward with your education. To be successful in college a key element is personal responsibility. Personal responsibility can be viewed as a key element because there are moments during college where students are or believe themselves to be failing and by taking personal responsibility for their actions they will build their self-esteem and accountability for their actions. The connection with personal responsibility and college success is dependent upon accounting for your own choices and actions. To ensure success in college, students need to establish guidelines. You must be able to stay focused during class time. By allowing yourself enough sleep the night prior to class, your ability to remain focused during class remains intact. Sleeplessness leads to your being inattentive and this can cause you to miss issues of importance during class time. Another element that can affect being focused is eating habits. Lack of food can affect your ability to focus during class time. Being focused in class allows you to hone your listening skills and take good notes during class. Another guideline which would allow success in college is setting aside study time. An example would be allowing yourself 30 minute breaks throughout the day. The location of where you study is of importance also. An example would be if you study in a crowded area, there would be too much confusion and interference which would affect your ability to establish good study habits. It would be preferable to set up study in a quiet and isolated area, thus allowing you to concentrate and focus on your studies. The above guidelines will help increase a students level of personal responsibility. It will also increase the students ability to achieve success throughout their college years.

Continuous Improvement as a Business Strategy

Continuous Improvement as a Business Strategy The case study focuses on Corus, Europes second largest steel manufacturing company and their efforts in following the path of Continuous Improvement to produce quality product in a timely manner by streamlining their processes and reducing the wastage of resources. Corus is a subsidiary of Tata Steel, one of worlds top ten steelmakers. In their own words, Corus aspires to be the worlds steel industry benchmark for value creation and corporate citizenship. Corus is a leading supplier to most of the demanding markets around the world including construction, automotives, packaging, mechanical and electrical engineering, metal goods, and oil gas. With innovation and continuous improvement at the heart of its business performance, Corus aims to create value by offering a differentiated product range supported by unrivalled customer service. 1 The challenge that Corus faces in differentiating its products from that of its rivals is that, steel is a relatively inexpensive product and in major building projects, the cost of steel can be as little as 5% of the overall cost of the project. It is also a challenging task to meet the rising demand for steel, at increasing levels of quality and to comply with challenging delivery requirements. While it would be an easy task to meet these challenges using brand-new facilities, an investment of more than 300 million Pounds to build a ‘Greenfield Site steel mill is an impediment. Therefore, Corus decided to focus on the path of Continuous Improvement, commonly known as CI, at its steel plate manufacturing mill in Scunthorpe, to achieve process efficiency, quality and delivery improvements with its existing manufacturing setup. What is Continuous Improvement? Continuous improvement, with respect to organizational quality and performance, focuses on improving customer satisfaction through continuous and incremental improvement processes, removing or minimizing unnecessary activities and delays in product delivery and also minimizing defects in the products being delivered. Several organizations have gained a competitive edge by implementing Kaizen, commonly known as continuous improvement (CI). The philosophy of Kaizen was spearheaded by Masaaki Imai, and is constituted of two words, kai which means ‘change and zen which means ‘good as well as ‘wisdom. Hence we can conclude that Kaizen implies ‘changes for the better and covers all processes in an organization like Engineering, Information Technology, Finance, Procurement and Supply, Customer Service and Manufacturing. CI can be initiated either at Top Management level or at Process level based on effective feedback system. The most important factor is that, all employees should be responsible to make improvements and must work together to identify the steps needed to improve the efficiency of the overall process, in an iterative manner. This requires thorough supervision, flexible work force and technology to improve business efficiency. When an established organization like Corus attempts to differentiate its products or services from its competitors in the industry, CI can be the â€Å"Differentiation† or â€Å"Focus† competitive strategies which can help the organization grow. Corus has implemented CI of ‘flow where the products are pulled through a carefully planned production process from the supply of raw steel to the finished steel plate. The process is paced and scheduled to control the amount of product in each stage of the process, to keep bottlenecks to a minimum and to maintain high quality. A part of the CI process involves the measurement of improvements to gauge, whether the improvements have resulted in benefits. These results can be reducing waste time, saving money and efforts, or better utilization of available resources. These are the tangible benefits of the implementation of a CI process. The intangible benefits will include greater staff motivation and increased job satisfaction3. In Corus, improvement is gauged with the help of a set of new Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) focused on meeting customer deadlines, such as zero backlog of customer orders and meeting targets for rolling steel plate in its allotted week. Thus benchmark level can be set and attempts can be made to better that level in an iterative manner. When Why CI need to be implemented? It is human nature to feel secure in ones comfortable environment of a â€Å"CASH COW† organization and therefore people are hesitant towards big changes. Some of the most common excuses that people give to avoid changes at workplace are: 1) Its been done in this way for a long time2) We know theres a better way but theres not enough time to fix things3) I dont get paid extra to think4) Its not my problem but someone elses problem However, a key aspect of implementing CI is the fact that it does not deal with big changes, but with smaller ones that take less time to implement at minimal cost. Also, an interesting aspect would be that it gradually transforms and brings about what one can call a big change without people being hesitant and overcoming their apprehensions. The objective is to minimize cost by leveraging the existing knowledge pool and gradually implementing changes. The key of effectively implementing CI is that it has to become a part of the organizations culture and gain consensus from the work force and stake holders. Like in the Corus case, moving from Tonnage, the traditional key measure of productivity to the smooth paced process of CI involved a significant work culture change for the employees. Initiation and integration of CI 1. Collect feedback from the horses mouth It is imperative to understand the operations at the ground level from the people who perform the tasks on a regular basis. By asking for ideas and by listening to those that know how the job is currently performed you will achieve a much greater buy-in from your teams 2. Place checks and implement improvement process cycle Not jumping to conclusions is the key here. Put into practice the steps of Plan, Do, Check and Act known as PDCA Model PDCA a simple model for CI implementation Plan the plan phase constitutes of setting objectives and goals that would form the guiding path for the entire process of improvement.Do the Do phase requires the testing of possible alternatives and arriving at a solution that would comply with best practices and industry benchmarksCheck In this phase, the effectiveness of the action phase is evaluated to ascertain the success of the plans and also to see if any negative consequences have arisen.Act The act phase is to implement the tried and tested processes and form the new standards. If the processes are unsuccessful, then the cycle is repeated till the time desirable results are attained. Even after the process has been established, the implementation of CI is not over. The goal of CI is to set newer and more efficient benchmarks. This philosophy has to become a part of the organizations culture. For example, in the Scunthorpe plant of Corus, a CI manager co-ordinates the process and 40 CI coaches chosen from the workforce received training to facilitate improvements. A toolbox of techniques has been put together to help managers, employees and operators understand where and how they can improve their work and come up with new ideas to change processes for better. Scunthorpe plate mill has set out a 5-year vision improvement plan which will help in the process of developing a CI culture for the business and has held workshops for employees to understand the vision and change since it was recognized that people might be resistant and cling to old ways of working. The 5 year-plan, established a timeline for the thorough acceptance and implementation of the CI culture among employees so that by the end of the 5-year period, the team and individuals are empowered to take responsibility and make decisions for themselves. Tradeoffs in implementing Continuous Improvement: Although several companies have benefitted from implementing CI, its quite interesting to see that something this innovative and cost effective could also derail the organization from its path to success or even create a new bottleneck in the entire process. At times CI may lead to a trade-off between self-management and discipline 5. Over engagement and a lack of prioritization in implementing new wave CI manufacturing strategies by front line managers and operations staff has actually led to a tradeoff between their core operations related work and CI related activities. Often, CI strategies led by an over-enthusiastic HR has caused them to over strategize which is a new bottle neck in itself and often goes unnoticed. Thus it is quite important to make sure that less than 7% of the total work time may be spent by such key operational personnel on CI oriented strategy development so that their core operational responsibilities may not be diluted beyond an acceptable limit. Another very interesting drawback that has been noticed is the invert effect of over emphasis on the implementation of CI Practices on the price v/s quality competitive strategy model 6. In her study, Barbara Flynn has very effectively shown that an uninterrupted iteration of CI programs for the reduction of cost price would ultimately result in increasing price since perfection always comes at a premium. Secondly it was also observed that in the quest to achieve the goal of CI within its designated time period, the complex untested assumptions about the relation between process and outcome are often deliberately not studied in depth. Managers prematurely conclude that any detrimental effects of implementing the new plan would be taken care of in subsequent CI programs 7. Thus such complacency could result in mission failure at the nth hour. But still, careful and well planned implementation of CI strategy is effective because it keeps production processes under control, rapidly trains production personnel to effectively manage production and possesses the flexibility to slot improvements into production schedules with minimum disruptions and at least effective cost. 8 Continuous Improvement in action at FORD India (A firsthand account) 9: Cost Reduction activity has become one of the major activities in any industry especially in Automobile field with ever increasing competition. The following is a firsthand account of Continuous Improvement initiate undertaken at Ford India for Cost Reduction. The Front End Module of the car is a plastic molded steel reinforced part, supplied to Ford by a Vendor X. The Input weight of the steel portion in that is 4.0 Kg and its output weight is 1.0 Kg. With 25% yield, Ford saw the scope for cost reduction in the above module. Normally for any steel part, yield of at least 40 to 50% is expected. Hence, the only way to reduce the cost would by reducing the input weight. After several discussions with technical department, Ford decided to optimize the design to reduce the input weight and proposed the modified design to the vendor. Various trials were conducted and accordingly the design was altered without compromising on the quality of the final part. After several iterations, the new design was approved by the quality team. Minor modifications were made to existing tools in order to work with new design. This Continuous Improvement initiative not only reduced cost but also reduced the scrap content and process time. Suggestions for Corus Corus has implemented lean manufacturing method of CI, which has really improved its deliveries and quality but only in an internal manner. Yet another dimension which can be facilitated through external feedback is available in the form of â€Å"WOWing the customer†. What we feel is that, Corus should start to simultaneously work upon gaining better customer feedback to facilitate continued product design improvement. This combined effort will enable them to suggest improvements in the product demanded by the customers which may exceed the customers expectation and will make them feel that they are getting a value for money preposition. Thus this would add to their customer satisfaction, retention and self sustainable associations which would be mutually beneficial. References and Bibliography http://www.corusgroup.com/en/company/about_corus/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaizen http://www.helium.com/items/558484-what-is-a-continuous-improvement-plan?page=3 http://www.helium.com/items/558484-what-is-a-continuous-improvement-plan?page=2 Continuous improvement: the trade-off between self-management and discipline Author(s):Alan Harrison Journal:Integrated Manufacturing Systems 6, 7, 8- Achieving simultaneous cost and differentiation competitive advantages through continuous Publication: Journal of Managerial Issues by Flynn, Barbara B. 9. From actual work experience of Santhosh Srinivasan

Canto 18 of The Inferno by Dante Alighieri Essay -- Dante Alighieri Th

Canto 18 of The Inferno by Dante Alighieri It was once said by Marcel Proust that â€Å"We do not receive wisdom, we must discover it for ourselves, after a journey through the wilderness which no one else can make for us, which no one can spare us†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This journey through the wild to discover wisdom is exactly what transpires in The Inferno by Dante Alighieri. The Inferno is an epic poem that is the first section of a three-part poem called The Divine Comedy. The Inferno is about the narrator, Dante, traveling through the layers of Hell and learning about the men and women in Hell, and ultimately why God is punishing them there. One of the most representative parts of The Inferno as a whole is Canto 18. Canto 18 is the eighth circle of Hell called the â€Å"Malebolge†, which translated means â€Å"Evil-Pouches†. This is where â€Å"ordinary† fraud is punished. The Canto begins with a very detailed description of the Malebolge. Dante then visits the first of ten pouches loc ated in the eighth circle. The first pouch holds panders and seducers who are being beaten by horned demons. While watching the sinners in this pouch, Dante recognizes two men. Virgil, the famous poet and Dante’s guide through Hell, then leads Dante into the second pouch where Flatterers are immersed in excrement. Here, in the second pouch Dante again recognizes two of the sinners, a man and woman, who are spending eternity covered in feces. Once Dante has seen the second pouch, Virgil leads him out because he has seen enough. Initially, after reading Canto 18 for the first time, I was very much shocked at how Dante illustrates the entire scene. First, as I read about why the people Dante knew were in Hell, it really makes me think about ... ...e last insight Fowlie provides me with is more background information to the figures he uses in examples of the sins. Fowlie says that Dante’s inclusion of Caccianemico is â€Å"an extreme case of pandering† (120). Fowlie believes the main purpose Dante uses Caccianemico is because Caccianemico is from Bologna, and he is lashing out against the city. Fowlie says Dante knows that Bologna is full of the â€Å"practice of pimping†; thus, Dante feels that Bologna is the perfect place for the sinner of pandering to originate from. I find this interesting because it is as if Dante has a grudge against Bologna and is attempting to ruin the city’s name. Overall, Fowlie’s discussion on Canto 18 reveals many new ideas and thoughts that improve my knowledge and understanding of the entire poem. The material stated in Fowlie’s discussion ultimately sheds new light on my Canto 18.

Natural Born Killers :: essays papers

Natural Born Killers Violence is a constant on our screens whether it be an anvil falling on a cartoon character, a war zone on the news, a fight in an action movie or a pub brawl in a soap opera. But does this screen violence produce behavioural effects in the viewers? This is one of the most frequent and heatedly debated arguments in mass media. Is it the case that audiences are effected by what they see and that the producers of media texts are instigating or increasing violent behaviour, or do audiences have the ability to understand what they have seen without being overly influenced? It has to be ascertained as to whether audiences are passive or active. This subject has caused controversy within several of different schools of thought and ideologies over the years. They have either wide or only slight variations of opinion so it is difficult to come to one definite conclusion as each one also has valid and understandable explanations. It is difficult to deny that 'the whole point of communicating is to influence one another by conveying information' (Vine, 1997), but to what extent does this influence take control? To investigate this matter and come to a conclusion as to whether or not screen violence does instigate violent behaviour in the reader, we will be critically looking at two of the major ideological models as well as using some specific media texts to validate and/or criticise these theories. First there is the Hypodermic Needle or Hypodermic Syringe effect. This theory has it's root in 1950's America when dominant businesses and the then government wanted to discover how far the public were influenced by what they saw on television. The Hypodermic Theory came from this Media Effects model, which had a heavy emphasis in psychology. Businesses and the government alike wanted to know how much 'media is supposedly 'injected' into the consciousness of an audience' via television (Price, 1993). They wanted to know if through this relatively new medium the public could be persuaded unquestioningly to, for example, vote for a certain political party or buy a specific brand of washing powder. The Hypodermic model proposes that the media has a very direct and extremely immediate effect on the general public, who accept the injected message without question due to their passiveness. It is the idea that producers of media texts can persuade us to do what ever they want and we will unquestionably comply. When we bring the subject of violence into this field, a follower of this ideology would say that the violent behaviour witnessed on screen would be influentially accepted by the audience without question.

Identity of Humans Essay -- essays research papers fc

What is a human being? A human being is a combination of the biological makeup of the individual and the state of being. The state of being can be characterized by the individual’s state of consciousness, and an individual’s state of consciousness is characterized by his or her identity. In the most general sense, identity refers to one’s answer to the question, who am I? 1 To fully understand and grasp the concepts and ideas related to identity, two different psychological perspectives will be explored, as well as three theorists including Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers. Freud - Psychic Structures Sigmund Freud explored identity through the psychodynamic theory of Psychosexual Development. According to psychodynamic theory, the human personality is characterized by a dynamic struggle as basic physiological drives come into conflict with laws and social codes.2 Freud then categorized human personality into elements, or psychic structures. Freud hypothesized the existence of three psychic structures: the ID, the EGO, and the SUPEREGO. 3 The ID is present at birth, represents physiological drives, and is unconscious. The ID follows the pleasure principle, which demands instant gratification of instincts without consideration for the law, social norms, or the needs of others. The EGO begins to develop during the first year of life when the child learns that his or her demands for instant gratification cannot always be met immediately. The EGO stands for reason, good sense, and for rational ways of coping with frustration. The EGO is guided through the reality principle, which take s into consideration what is practical and possible in gratifying needs. According to Freud, it is the EGO, which provides the conscious sense of self. The SUPEREGO is the third and final psychic structure, which develops throughout early childhood. The SUPEREGO incorporates moral standards and values into the individual though the moral principle, which sets moral standards and enforces adherence to them. The SUPEREGO monitors the actions of the EGO and judges them right or wrong. If the SUPEREGO judges an action as ‘wrong’ then the SUPEREGO floods the EGO with feelings of guilt and shame.4 Freud - Psychosexual Stages of Development   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Freud theorized the Psychosexual Stages of Development, which is the process by which libid... ... form to another based on exposure to the environment. Through exploration of these various vies on identity development, a better understanding can be reached for what a human being is. Bibliography Benner, David G., and Peter C. Hill., ed. Baker Encyclopedia of Psychology and Counseling. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1999 Elkind, David. â€Å"Erik Erikson’s Eight Ages of Man† New York Times Magazine April 1970: 25ff Erikson, Erik H. Identity: Youth & Crisis. New York: Norton and Co., 1968 Kroger, Jane. Identity in Adolescence – The Balance between Self and Other. London: Routledge, 1989 Kunkel, John H. Encounters with Great Psychologists: Twelve Dramatic Portraits. Toronto: Wall & Thompson, 1989 McDavid, John W., and Gary Garwood. Understanding Children: Promoting Human Growth. Lexington, Massachusstts: D.C. Health Company, 1978 Papalia, Diane E., and Sally W. Olds. Human Development. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986 Rathus, Spencer A. Psychology. Fourth edition. Orlando, Fl: Moore and Moore Publishing, 1990 Tarnecki, James. Personal interview. 11 March 2001. Tarnecki, James. Personal interview. 2 April 2001 Tarnecki, James. Personal interview. 10 April 2001

Internal and External Conflicts Essay

Materials †¢ Copies of the attached Interior or Exterior Conflicts worksheet †¢ Sticky notes †¢ Short story Lesson 1. 2. Brainstorm with students the types of conflicts or problems they face on a daily basis, and write their responses on the board. Explain to students that there are two types of conflicts that people face every day: †¢ Internal conflict, which takes place in a person’s mind—for example, a struggle to make a decision or overcome a feeling. Internal conflicts are character vs. self. †¢ External conflict, which generally takes place between a person and someone or something else, such as nature, another person or persons, or an event or situation. External conflicts may be character vs. character, character vs. nature, or character vs. society. Tell students that characters in a story face the same types of conflicts, and it is important to identify them in order to understand the story completely. 3. 4. 5. Distribute copies of the â€Å"Interior or Exterior Conflicts† worksheet. Have students classify the conflicts as internal or external conflicts, writing the answers in the left column. Go over the classifications with the class, and allow students to correct their answers as needed. Give students copies of another worksheet showing a different set of interior and exterior conflicts, and have students classify them independently and hand in the completed worksheet for assessment. Have students read a short story from their literature book and as they read, put sticky notes on the text wherever conflict is present. When they have finished, ask students to identify the types of conflict they found in the story. Lead a class discussion of the ways the plot might have been different had internal conflicts been externa l or vice versa. 6. 7. English Enhanced Scope a Interior or Exterior Conflicts Interior or Exterior Conflict You love going to soccer practice every Friday night. However, last week you had to go to dinner with your family instead, and this week a friend has invited you to the movies. At a party, you spent a lot of time talking to a friend from your math class—just chatting. Now another classmate has spread rumors around school about the two of you. For the past month, you have been bullied on the school bus by older middle school guys. They typically call you names and sometimes even poke at you. Finally one day, you get fed up and scream, â€Å"Don’t ever touch me again!† You have a project due on Monday. Even though you have had several weeks to read, by Sunday night you’ve only read half the book. To make things worse, your teacher has stated, â€Å"I have high expectations for this assignment.† Your school has a state level ice-hockey team—for boys. When you and a group of girlfriends want to start a girls’ hockey program, you’re told that, alth ough it’s a nice idea, there just isn’t enough money in the athletic budget. Although your friends say that you’re very attractive, you think just the opposite. You are overly critical about physical appearance. You think someone from your fifth period class is extremely cute! You’ve been trying to work up the nerve to ask him/her out, but you’re just too scared. Your dad is driving you and your friends to a big football game in town. Although you left in plenty of time, he seems to have lost his way. You think you saw the football field a couple of blocks back. When you tell your dad, he says, â€Å"Who’s driving—you or me?†

Worst Day Of Life

The worst day of my life was when I lost my thumb it was very painful I was emotionally scared and I cant play video games like normal people. I lost my thumb when I was only a few years old and it hurt a lot. It got taken off in a bike chain. Thats how I lost my thumb. Im not able to play video games like normal people play. My thumb is always sliding off the buttons. It always hard to keep up when playing video games with my friends. Its really annoying to play. Im not as accurate when playing games. I always die a lot in the games I play. Also I lose a lot when Im playing two player games. I cant move my thumb as fast as normal people. I end up in last often in games. I get problems holding things. That is what disadvantages I have when playing video games. When I lost my thumb it was very painful. My thumb was ripped off painfully in a bike chain. I think I should have sued the people that made the stupid bike. When it fell off it was just sitting there and that was bad. When it got cut off it was gushing lots of blood. There was blood every where. When this happened the carpet was soaked in blood it was weird. Then they took me to the hospital and they stitched it up because they couldnt put it back on because it was cut into small pieces. They had to but a cast on to. It was different when they took it off because I didnt have a thumb and that was different. Thats what were some painful things about my thumb being ripped off. It emotionally sacred me for life. I was never the same. I couldnt hold a cup that easy. It made it hard to write. Ive always and forever be a freak. People call me a freak. Its really funny looking. Ill never be like the normal people. They laugh at my missing thumb. I cant always join into normal activities of normal people. Thats why I sacred for life forever. Thats why the worst day of my life was when I lost my thumb. It was bad because that was my most painful experience I have ever had. It sacred me emotionally forever. I can never be the same.

Lifecycle of a Tyre and Creative Intervention Essay

The increased number of vehicles has led to a tremendous growth in the volume of used tyres. Over a billion tyres reach their end of life in the world each year (cited Brown & Watson, 2002) of which about 200000000 arises in Europe and 290000000 in the United States (cited RMA, 2003). From 1998 to 2008 this is expected to change by 2% every year. Vast quantities of tyre are stocked piled in designated landfills or illegally dumped. Besides posing pressure on the environment and the existing waste management sector, this erroneous waste flow also create opportunities for new recycling market to evolve. The tyre lifecycle traditionally comprises four main stages. These include production, consumption, collection of used tyres and waste management (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006: 134). The final stage in the life cycle describes the ultimate destination where used tyres arrive. The term â€Å"used tyre† defines a tyre at the end of its first lifecycle. Two sub-types of used tyres are distinguished. The â€Å"part worn tyre† is a used tyre that can either directly be reused or retreaded. The â€Å"worn out† or â€Å"scrap tyre† is a used tyre that cannot be reused for its original purpose but may have a further use as a material or for energy recovery (Limbachiya & Roberts 2004: 273) The current solution of recycling is commercial development of a new building material made from recycled tires called the ‘Tire Log’. The Tire Log is a patented innovation made from waste tires with a unique and energy efficient approach to recycling tires. RTP recycling method is based on a simple procedure that helically wraps the steel belted tread of the tire around a core of tire treads to essentially any length or diameter. The net result is a building material that engineers say could revolutionize flood control, earthquake survivability and homeland security (Re-Tread Products, Inc. (RTP), 2008). References Limbachiya, M. C & Roberts, J. J. (2004). Sustainable waste management and recycling: used/ post-consumer tyres. Tokyo: Thomas Telford. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2006). Improving recycling markets. Paris: OECD Publishing. Re-Tread Products, Inc. (RTP). (2008, Jan 30). New York company announces new solution for recycled tires. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from www. environmental-expert. com: http://www. environmental-expert. com/resulteachpressrelease. aspx? cid=24895&codi=26319

How Does Rossetti Tell the Story in ‘Jessie Cameron’?

How does Rossetti tell the story in ‘Jessie Cameron’? Rossetti uses the title of the poem to help tell the story in ‘Jessie Cameron’. Whilst Jessie’s full name is used as the title of the poem and repeatedly referred to throughout, the name of her lover is not once mentioned. Instead Jessie calls him ‘neighbour’s son’ avoiding any more intimate communication. This suggests that she does not regard him as highly in her life as he may regard her, it also suggests that she doesn’t want to lead him on, but because she makes it so obvious that she has no interest in him it may imply that she is tired of him chasing after her.This use of dialogue by the third person narrator makes the poem seem a lot less biased as we are allowed to see the story from Jessie’s very own perspective. In addition to this, the fact that her surname is drawn upon it suggests that the poem make reflect the permanence, a lot like Jessie herself it will not be changed for the sake of a man. The fact that Jessie chooses not to give in to a man wanting to marry her would have surprised a lot of Victorian readers who did not believe that women should be free to do as they pleased but should accept an offer of marriage when it was given, whether or not they loved the man.As a result of this it could be suggested that the Victorian attitude towards marriage contributed to the confusion of Jessie’s lover who finds her free-will hard to accept. She claims that she had already told him ‘long ago’ that she will not accept his marriage proposal, but he seems to find this difficult to understand. Through the use of more dialogue it seems to suggest that Rossetti wants to make the point that remaining single is not the message she wants to get across: â€Å"For me you’re not the man of men†, rather that women should only marry out of choice if she loves and who is, for her, above all other men.Because di alogue is used so much throughout the poem it could be suggested that the third person narrator feels self-conscious towards the fact that they’re narrative alone would not be sufficient enough in order for the reader to trust what they are saying. As a result, it could be suggested that the reader feels as if the use of dialogue makes the narrator’s narrative seem less reliable and trustworthy which in turn makes us doubt the rest of their narrative which makes us more critical as observers and allows us to understand the potential messages that Rossetti wishes to portray throughout the poem. Home, her home, was close at hand†, the repetition of the word ‘home’ acts as a juxtaposition to the landscape of the beach and sea described throughout the poem. It contrasts that Jessie’s house is sheltered and safe, whereas this stands in opposition to the danger of the sea that she finds herself surrounded by. It emphasises the danger of the sea and in addition to this Rossetti wants to warn women about the danger of becoming trapped in a loveless marriage with someone, making them feel unfilled just like Jessie when she realises that she is near to death.

The Legacy of Ruth Ginsburg or Significant Women's Rights Research Paper

The Legacy of Ruth Ginsburg or Significant Women's Rights Contributions of Ruth Ginsburg to the Twenth Century - Research Paper Example It is not possible to fully cover Ginsburgs contributions to womens rights in a paper of this limited scope. However, it will highlight her most importatnt work, and show how the progression of her legal reasoning has become the cornerstone of todays womens movement. Ruth Bader Ginsburg is one of womens rights foremost advocates, and she has earned a place in history as a woman that has led by example as well as action. Ginsburg immersed herself in womens issues at an early point in her professional life, and they became a hallmark of her career. Ginsburg was a groundbreaker, and at Harvard Law School she was one of only eight women out of a class of 500. She transferred to Columbia, where she graduated at the top of her class, though gender discrimination overshadowed her academic achievements.1 Ginsburg joined the faculty at Rutgers, and became "only the second female on the schools faculty and among the first 20 women law professors in the country".2 She became the first law professor at Harvard, directed the Womens Rights Project at the ACLU, and by 1973 Ginsburg was arguing a Supreme Court case regarding equal benefits for men and women in the armed forces.3 Ginsburg gained the attention of President Jimmy Carter by winning 5 out of 6 Supreme Court cases, and consistently arguing that the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment applied to gender as well as race.4 Carter appointed Ginsbur g to the United States Court of appeals for the District of Columbia, and in 1993 she was "confirmed by the Senate in a vote of 96 to 3, becoming the 107th Supreme Court Justice, its second female jurist", and an outspoken advocate for womens rights on the bench.5 Since that date she has been instrumental in furthering the cause of gender equality in America. Her early work with the ACLU on the Womens Rights Project prepared her legal skills for writing the Supreme Court decision on United States v.

Critical Evaluation of Descartes Principle of Proofs of Existence of Essay - 94

Critical Evaluation of Descartes Principle of Proofs of Existence of God - Essay Example Descartes studies about God were to show that God is not a deceiver, and he aims to bring a clear perception in our minds. In his ontological arguments, Descartes gives two arguments about the existence of God. He sets to prove the existence of God in these two arguments. In his first argument, Descartes states that God is a perfect being and that to exist than not to exist is the perfect thing and God must therefore exist. These were properly based on his early dreams and he set out to document them. The Descartes second argument is the most complex of the two. In his publications, he distinctively sets out two forms of reality. In believing that his thoughts were innate, Descartes thought that his perceptions and the way he sees God should not be objected. He points out that God is an infinite being and that reality come in the forms of infinite, modal and finite. Descartes sees God as existing in infinite reality. He further asserts that all substances by virtue of their existence posses’ finite formal reality and that all ideas that occur in any phase of thought posses the modal form of reality. Ideas, as he puts that have a form of reality which, when they are put in relation to the objects that they represent must have an objective form of reality. He further points out that these objective realities are of three forms, which mirror the formal realities dependent on the amount of reality contained in the object that those ideas represent. Basing his ideas on objective reality, Descartes argues using his inner reasoning that God is an objective finite being. He further bases his ideas on inner logical thoughts to state that something can come from nothing. On this basis, Descartes arrived at two major principles: One of the attacks on the philosophy of Descartes about God concerns the use of God in order to justify distinctions in his idea of perceptions.

Criminal law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Criminal law - Essay Example (Lord Diplock in R v Miller)2 The actus reus and mens rea need to coincide, however the requirement is interpreted broadly. (Fagan v. Commissioner of Police3) In certain circumstances omissions can count as sufficient actus reus. One of the situation is where the conduct of the defendant created a situation of danger. (R v. Miller)4 The acts of Dot attract s.1(1) the actus reus of which requires a person destroying or damaging any property which belongs to another. The actus reus must be voluntary. (Woolmington v. DPP)5 The destruction or damage of the property must impair the value or usefulness of the property. (A v R)6. Such destruction or damaged must be without lawful excuse that is there is no honest belief on the part of the defendant that the owner consented to such destruction or damage. (Denton)7 In the current situation the actus reus of Dot was by way of an omission as he was the one who created the situation of danger. The next element in actus reus is that he of destruction or damage, clearly the fire had led to damage being caused to the shed. Clearly Dot did not have any lawful excuse to cause such destruction as he merely wanted such destruction so as to further the value of his property. Dot acquired the intention of such destruction when he refrained to constrain the damage by letting the fire to grow and destruct the shed and therefore the mens rea of the offence would be proved. (Cunliffe v Goodman)9 Since the elements of actus reus and mens rea are proved it is pertinent to point to s.1(3) which states that destruction by fire would be charged as arson which, if proved, carries a maximum sentence of life imprisonment. Furthermore such an offence is to be treated separately from criminal damage.(R v. Booth)10. It is clear that the destruction caused was by fire and therefore Dot would be charged under arson. He clearly does not have any defence to

Boyers Principle of Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boyers Principle of Community - Essay Example From the knowledge gained at Indiana University more than 40 residence hall rooms certified as ‘green’ through new program. The program develop by the IU office of Sustainability in cooperation with Residential Programs and Services and Residence Halls Inc. and the objective is to connect the students to a maintainable and good community and different campus organizations as well as the participation of faculty on related projects. Additionally, the program at IU provides the students a structure framework to help in educating their school mates and connect with one another (IU News Room, n.p.). A college is an open community, where freedom of speech or expression is protected and civility powerfully affirmed. As part of the university’s Code of Academic Ethics, every individual has the right to criticize and seek remedy by good means, policies, and rules and regulations of the university. The improper acts are those acts that affect the academic freedom, freedom of speech and expression because the students should speak and listen to one another and the freedom of movement. Thus, Indiana University exercised the second principle of Boyer’s Principle of Community (Enrolment and Student Academic Information Bulletin, p. 3). The next principle is a just community; a place where the sacredness of the person is honored and where diversity is aggressively pursued. The Indiana University celebrates the legacy of Martin Luther King Jr. and also helps in the activities in the community. All IU’s events are free and open to the public; in respect, the King’s day is consider holiday and no classes in the university rather the students spend time from different community services such as providing eye exams, and eye glasses with the participation of the IU School of Optometry and many others (IU News Room, n.p.). The fourth Boyer’s Principle of Community is a disciplined community in which the university is a place where ind ividuals accept their responsibilities and obligations to the group and well-defined governance procedures guide behavior for the common good. According to the Enrolment and Student Academic Information Bulletin of Indiana University there is Code of Academic Ethics that each and everyone in the community should obey. The ethics include the rights and responsibilities of the students as well as the faculty and other members of the university. The IU put into effect the Code of Ethics to become a disciplined community and exercise all the rules and regulations stated in the Code of Academic Ethics (Enrolment and Student Academic Information Bulletin, p. 1-5). In addition, the other principle from Ernest Boyer is the principle of caring community; a place where the well-being of each member is sensitively supported and services to others is encouraged. For instance, extended hours for the student commuters, organizations and campus jobs are promoted and supported by the IU (Peska, n.p .). Student employment is encouraged like part time jobs on the campus can help develop and improve the student’s resume in the future. There are number of jobs offered in the university and in Bloomington that will

Discussion Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion - Article Example This means that even though the actual cause of the firefighter’s death was the fire, Andy and Tara had no intention to commit a murder. However, their criminal offence of arson resulted to the death of firefighters. This implies that the Tara and Andy were responsible for the death. In this regard, as a district attorney I have basis to charge them murder. John and Mary intention was to rob a drug dealer. It worth to note even though they completed their mission, John was left behind resulting to the shooting and death of the drug dealer. Before the robbery, John and Mary had no intention to kill the drug dealer even though John was armed. The fact that the two had conspired to undertake the robbery, Mary’s conviction to robbery and conspiracy to commit robbery was correct. However, it was not collect to charge her for murder. On his part, John should have been convicted of conspiracy to commit robbery, robbery and

The Dangers of Police Work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Dangers of Police Work - Research Paper Example Most frequently, they respond to ‘unknown disturbances or problems’ whereby a person may be asking for help but the police officer does not actually know what he/she is to expect or he/she is not able to gather more information regarding the situation (Dempsey & Forst, 2007). The duties of police officers involve operating in various kinds of circumstances, with much of their work being outdoors walking the beats assigned to them or riding in patrol cars. Their work is deemed extraordinarily dangerous – while carrying out their duties, some police officers are wounded or even killed. Police work can entail horrid tasks, which expose them to dangerous, sordid or depressing situations. They may be required to deal with all kinds of people in diverse situations. These dangers are usually traumatic for the police officers as well as their family members. Generally, police work holds the potential for the unpredicted and the unknown, and most individuals who take on this job possess a strong commitment and passion for it. Police work may involve being on duty 24 hours a day – even when not on call, the law requires a police officer to respond to criminal activity or to emergencies, during which no consideration is made for time of day or night o r even weather conditions (Ferguson, 2007). Gaines and Miller (2007) explain that the dangers of police work are both physical and mental/psychological. They indicate that according to the United States’ Justice Department policing is one of the most dangerous jobs in the US with 261 of every 1000 officers’ targets of non-fatal violence annually. Between the year 2003 and 2004, over three hundred police officers were murdered in the line of duty. They further assert that police work, in addition to physical dangers, involves considerable mental stress and pressure. The United States’ Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that together with being a surgeon, firefighting, driving a taxi,

Amazon.Com in Business Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Amazon.Com in Business Plan - Research Paper Example To sustain this new venture, Amazon Inc. has a good start off, as its traffic is attractive to buyers and sellers into Amazon market place. Firms likely to be acquired in this endeavor include Diapers.com, Zappos and Soap.com. Amazon intends to buy Quaidis, the parent company to Soap.co and Diapers.com for $540 million. The capital that was collected to fund this acquisition amounts to $78 million. In another strategy for up its competition with CPG companies, Amazon Inc. intends to acquire Zappos at a projected price of $1.1 billion. To compete with Google and Apple, Amazon Inc. intends to upgrade its Kindle to support mobile phone applications and functions. This will enable the incorporation expand from just providing physical goods to digital goods. The low margins strategy has been employed by Amazon regardless it is downcast by other companies. Amazon is offering its products and services at low prices as a strategy to attract more customers and increase its market share. This is a strategy aimed at increasing value to customers rather than increasing its value through high prices and high profits. Increased market share will see Amazon reduce its costs through economies of scale, as the costs will b e spread through many customers. For instance in 2011, Amazon had operating expenses of 91% expressed as a fraction of revenues. This demonstrated its big market share compared to Walmart. Amazon had revenue streams of up to $48 billion. Most of this is attributed to online retail store where it has managed to attract millions of shoppers and sellers to its website. This has led to a cost advantage for Amazon in relation to Walmart and Costcos. Amazon has grown from just a book retailer to be the largest online retail shopping for physical and digital goods and services. This has not stopped the company from further growth and development. The company is seeking to contract Google, which will see it use the Android technology. Although Amazon and Google are market rivals, Amzon seeks to cross the gap between the two and build its new devices on the Android operating system. 8. Implementation strategy: From a range of reasonable options (build or â€Å"go it alone† strategy, p artner via a joint venture or less formal business alliance, license, minority investment, and acquisition), indicate which option would enable the acquiring firm to best implement its chosen business strategy. Because of the nature of the course, you must indicate that an implementation strategy involving an acquisition is preferred to the other options and why. An acquisition is the best strategy for implementation. The acquiring firm’s stands an advantage of running a business that is well established compared to building up a new business. With an established business, the acquiring firm can use the existing financial records to forecast future performance to determine if the new firm to be acquired is profitable. This is not the case with a new firm being set up. Setting up a new firm may require more capital and time. The business’ future performance may not be correctly forecasted because there are many unseen occurrences, as the business has no experience. Part nerships on the other had result in legal disputes, as the partners are likely to disagree on decisions and business issues. Acquisition remains the

Havaianas Advertisement Essay Example for Free

Havaianas Advertisement Essay This article is stating that these sandals fit all personalities and characters; no one is too cool for these sandals. In order to persuade the audience they obviously use attractive models to gain the reader’s attention. They then go on to dress the models in the clothing the words are describing. All in all they made a pretty cool looking ad that will definitely grab the attention of their audience, Cosmopolitan readers. The ad keeps one looking around the page so that the reader will see at the bottom where the name of the company and what they are selling is located. Havaianas is not necessarily implying that one benefits in any particular way by wearing their sandals, they are just trying to iterate that these sandals are or can be worn be anyone. Superhero’s, movie stars, and even tango enthusiasts would wear these at times, so they must have the style and comfort for all occasions. Havaianas might not make u better person, but it appears from the models that they are in a good mood and comfortable in there surrounding even though the house is getting destroyed. At first glance I thought the article was trying to make it seem one would be more popular for wearing Havaians, but then I realized they are trying to sell people on the products versatility, how it is a sandal for all occasions. After studying and trying to find the different meanings of the article I conclude that the implied claims are supported efficiently by the content of the ad. The words â€Å"and/or† are placed in the article twice; this helps the reader distinguish the proper meaning of the article and not assume that these are the people you can become by wearing them.

The Bhagavad Gita Essay Example for Free

The Bhagavad Gita Essay is perhaps the most famous, and definitely the most widely-read, ethical text of ancient India. As an episode in Indias great epic, the Mahabharata, The Bhagavad Gita now ranks as one of the three principal texts that define and capture the essence of Hinduism; the other two being the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras. Though this work contains much theology, its kernel is ethical and its teaching is set in the context of an ethical problem. The teaching of The Bhagavad Gita is summed up in the maxim your business is with the deed and not with the result. When Arjuna, the third son of king Pandu (dynasty name: Pandavas) is about to begin a war that became inevitable once his one hundred cousins belonging to the Kaurava dynasty refused to return even a few villages to the five Pandava brothers after their return from enforced exile, he looks at his cousins, uncles and friends standing on the other side of the battlefield and wonders whether he is morally prepared and justified in killing his blood relations even though it was he, along with his brother Bhima, who had courageously prepared for this war. Arjuna is certain that he would be victorious in this war since he has Lord Krishna (one of the ten incarnations of Vishnu) on his side. He is able to visualize the scene at the end of the battle; the dead bodies of his cousins lying on the battlefield, motionless and incapable of vengeance. It is then that he looses his nerve to fight. The necessity for the arose because the one hundred cousins of the Panadavas refused to return the kingdom to the Pandavas as they had originally promised. The eldest of the Pandav brothers, Yudhisthir, had lost his entire kingdom fourteen years ago to the crafty Kaurava brothers in a game of dice, and was ordered by his cousins to go on a fourteen-year exile. The conflict between the Pandavas and the Kauravas brewed gradually when the Kauravas refused to return the kingdom to the Panadavas and honor the agreement after the fourteen-year exile, and escalated to a full scale war when the Kauravas refused to even grant Yudhisthirs reduced demand for a f ew villages instead of the entire kingdom. As the battle is about to begin, Arjuna, himself an acclaimed warrior, wonders how he could kill his own blood relatives with whom he had grown up as a child. He puts the battle on hold and begins a conversation with Krishna, one of the ten but most important incarnations of the Universal Hindu God, Vishnu. The Bhagavad Gita begins here and ends with Krishna convincing Arjuna that in the grand scheme of things, he is only a  pawn. The best he could do is do his duty and not question Gods will. It was his duty to fight. In convincing Arjuna, the Lord Krishna provides a philosophy of life and restores Arjunas nerve to begin the battle a battle that had been stalled because the protagonist had lost his nerve and needed time to reexamine his moral values. Even though The Bhagavad Gita (hereafter referred to as the Gita) is one of the three principal texts that define the essence of Hinduism, and since all over the world Hindus chant from the Gita during most of their religious ceremonies, strictly speaking the Gita is not one of the Hindu scriptures. In light of its inseparable links to one of the two great Hindu epics (Mahabharata and Ramayana) which most Indians hold very dear to their hearts, and because Krishna, the most venerated and popular of the incarnations of Lord Vishnu, figur es so prominently in it, the Gita over the years has not only become very popular but has ascended to spiritual heights that are afforded only to the Vedas (and the subsequent reinterpretive philosophies that followed them) and the Upanishads in the ancient Indian literature. The concept and symbol of God were extremely complicated issues (see below) in the ancient Hindu religious literature prior to the writing of the Gita. The notion of God and the paths to salvation are integral parts of all religions. The manner in which Hinduism originally dealt with these two fundamental issues was very complex and appeared to be too speculative at times. This was one of the reasons for which Buddhism branched out as a separate religion. When Buddhism was beginning to grow in popularity, Hinduism met with its first challenge: To provide a clear-cut, easy-to-worship symbol of God to its followers. For a variety of reasons, Lord Krishna was the obvious choice. Many have even suggested that it was one of the most pivotal choices ever made by ancient scholars to `humanize the concept of God in the Hindu religion. Molded in the original image of Lord Vishnu, Krishna is an affable Avatar (reincarnation of God) which for the first time provided concrete guidelines for living to all mortals. The average Hindu might not know much about Brahma, but every one knows who Lord Krishna is. Mahatma Gandhi read the Gita often when he was in seclusion and in prison. But, the universal popularity of the Gita has not detracted Indian scholars from deviating from the fundamental truth about Hinduism. The Gita is not the Hindu scripture even though the literal translation of Bhagavad Gita is The Song of God. The Nobel laureate Indian poet, Rabindra Nath Tagore, rarely quoted from the Gita in his philosophical writings; instead, he chose to refer to the Upanishads, to quote from it, and to use its teachings in his own works. Of course, the teachings of the Upanishads are included in the Gita; they are visible in multiple chapters of the Gita. The kinetic concepts of karma and yoga, which appeared for the first time in the Upanishads (explained below), appear repeatedly in the Gita, often in disguised forms. As with almost every religious Indian text, it is difficult to pinpoint when exactly the Gita was written. Without a doubt, it was written over a period of centuries by many writers. From the contents of the Gita, it is abundantly clear that both the principal teachings of the Upanishads and of early Buddhism were familiar to the writers of the Gita. So, it has been approximated that the Gita was written during the period 500-200 BCE. Even though India is one of the few nations which h as a continuous documented history, very few Indian religious texts exists for which the exact date of publication is established without controversy. Despite its universal appeal, the Gita is replete with contradictions both at the fundamental level and at the highest level of philosophical discourse. To the discerning eye, it would seem that what has been said in the previous chapter, is contradicted in the very next chapter. This is the fundamental complaint against the Gita, and this fact would appear to be ironic given the fact that the Gita was originally written to reconcile the differences between two of the six major ancient Indian philosophies (Darshans) that evolved over the early years of Hinduism and became integral parts of ancient Indian religious literature. The irony disappears however when one understands what the Gita purported to achieve at the level of philosophical and religious discourse. This fact is crucial not only for the understanding of the principal themes of the Gita but also to locate the essence of the Gita in the overall picture of ancient Indian doctrines. The Gita attempted, for the first time, to reconcile the teachings of two very abstract Indian religious doctrines into one whole. The task was a formidable one. The Gita tried to include the fundamentals of two ancient Indian philosophies into one document and reconcile the principal differences between them. At the outset, one must note that the two doctrines (Darshans) were often extremely difficult to understand. Hence the inevitable contradictions or duality of interpretation. The Six Darshans  of ancient India were actually of differing origin and purpose, but all were brought into the scheme by being recognized as viable ways of salvation. They were divided into three groups of two complementary schools of thought (Darshans) or doctrines: Nyaya and Vaisesika; Sankhyya and Yoga; and Mimamsha and Vedanta. The Bhagavad Gita attempted to reconcile the Sankhyya philosophy with those of the Vedanta doctrine. One must note in passing that the Sankhyya school of thought led to Buddhism while the Vedanta philosophy is at the root of modern Hinduism. In this article, we are only going to discuss briefly the two Darshans the Sankhyya and the Vedanta the Gita attempted to reconcile. The Sankhyya is the oldest of the six Darshans while the Vedanta is the most important of the six systems. The various subsystems of the Vedanta doctrine has led to the emergence of modern intellectual Hinduism. The primary text of the Vedanta system is the Brahma Sutras, and its doctrines were derived in great part from the Upanishads, which marked the beginning of Hinduism as is understood and practiced today. Even though the Vedas are Indias ancient sacred texts, modern Hinduism begins with the Vedanta (end of Vedas) and attains its zenith with the Brahma Sutras. The Sankhyya philosophy traces the origins of ev erything to the interplay of Prakriti (nature) and Purusha (the Self, to be differentiated from the concept of the soul in the latter Indian philosophies). These two separate entities have always existed and their interplay is at the root of all reality. The concept of God is conspicuous by its absence. There is no direct mention of God but only a passing reference as to how one should liberate himself to attain the realization of Is war (a heavenly entity). A very significant feature of Sankhyya is the doctrine of the three constituent qualities (gunas), causing virtue (sattva), passion (rajas), and dullness (tamas). On the other hand, the Vedanta school of thought deals with the concept of Brahman the ultimate reality that is beyond all logic and encompasses not only the concepts of being and non-being but also all the phases in between. It is one of the most difficult concepts in the entire Indian philosophy. At the highest level of truth, the entire universe of phenomena, including the gods themselves, was unreal the world was Maya, illusion, a dream, a mirage, a fragment of the imagination. The only reality is Brahman. One can see quite clearly the sources for the Gitas contradictions. It was dealing with not only two widely-differing Darshans  but also with two of the most abstract philosophical systems. We know that the Gita was written long after the emergence of modern Hinduism. So it was able to draw on a wide variety of phi losophical themes both ancient and relatively modern by comparison, and often opposing still present in modern Hinduism. Yet, to consolidate the two schools of thoughts proved to be an extremely difficult task a fact which the lyricism of the Gita, in the words of Lord Krishna himself, could not camaflouge. Any serious reader would arrive at the conclusion that even though the Gita mentions the Sankhyya, it more or less elaborates on ideas that originated with the Upanishads. The fundamental tenets of Hinduism took shape during the period 800-500 BCE. They were set down in a series of treaties called the Upanishads. The Upanishads arise at the end of the Vedas, which earns it the name Veda-anta, which literally means end (anta) of the Vedas. Almost all philosophy and religion in India rests upon the wealth of speculation contained in these works. The Upanishads center on the inner realms of the spirit. Encompassing the meaning of spiritual unity, the Upanishads point directly to the Divine Unity which pervades all of nature and is identical to the self. There are four kinetic ideas ideas that involve action or motion that represent the core of Indian spirituality. The ultimate objective is control of the passions and to realize a state of void a concept very similar to that of Buddhism. The four kinetic ideas are karma, maya, nirvana, and yoga and they appear in the Gita. But one must remember that they appeared for the first time in the Upanishads. A brief summary of the four ideas are provided below. Karma: The law of universal causality, which connects man with the cosmos and condemns him to transmigrate to move from one body to another after death indefinitely. In the Gita, Krishna makes an allusion to the eternal soul that moves from body to body as it ascends or descends the ladder of a given hierarchy, conditioned on the nature of ones own karma work of life or life deeds. Maya: refers to cosmic illusion; the mysterious process that gives rise to phenomena and maintains the cosmos. According to this idea, the world is not simply what is seems to the human senses a view with which the 20th century western scientists wholly agree. Absolute reality, situated somewhere beyond the cosmic illusion woven by maya and beyond human  experience as conditioned by karma. Both Tagore, the renowned Indian poet and Albert Einstein, the famous scientist, agreed on this conclusion. Absolute reality, in their minds, was beyond human perception. Nirvana: The state of absolute blessedness, characterized by release from the cycle of reincarnations; freedom from the pain and care of the external world; bliss. Union with God or Atman. Hindus call such mystical union with ultimate reality as Samandhi or Moksha. Yoga: implies integration; bringing all the faculties of the psyche under the control of the self. Essentially, the object of various types of yoga is mind control, and the system lays down the effectual techniques of gaining liberation and achieving divine union. The word yoga is loosely applied to any program or technique which leads toward the union with God or Atman. There are five principal kinds of yoga: Hatha(physical), jnana (the way of knowledge), bhakti (the way of love), karma (the way of work), and rajah (mystical experience). The Western worlds interest in The Bhagavad Gita began around the end of the eighteenth century when the first English translation of the Gita was published. All religious texts of ancient India were written in Sanskrit. In November 1784, the first direct translation of a Sanskrit work into English was completed by Charles Wilkins. The book that was translated was The Bhagavad Gita. Friedreich Max Mueller (1823-1900), the German Sanskritist who spent most of his working life as Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford University, served as the chief editor of the Sacred Books of the East. (Oxford University Press). The Gita was included in this famous collection. Since then, the Gita has become one of the most widely-read texts of the world. True, there are unexplained contradictions and paradoxes in this brief book, but its wide-ranging implications based on the two ancient Darshans of India and its allegorical meanings are still being examined and reinterpreted.

Comparative Analysis Of Two Peer Reviewed Journals Commerce Essay

Comparative Analysis Of Two Peer Reviewed Journals Commerce Essay As said in the assignment we have to select a topic which is taken with two peered reviewed journal articles and making our own topic to understand the comparative analysis. The topic we have selected is the The relationship between the employees retention and the employees motivation. Accordingly two articles we were selected Performance and Motivation Prepared by Alfred W. Huf III, and Employee retention and turnover: Using Motivational Variables as a panacea. By Michael O. Samuel and Crispen Chipunza. The author of the first article says Performance and Motivation the main aim of this article is to look at the link between Performance and motivation. This article is mainly aiming to the employees prospective and how they have performed while we have to uplift the quality of the life of them. Most of the cases in the article have shown that how we can keep the performance in a top level and getting the employees full utilization. Motivation is always following the rules of the leadership and if there is a proper leadership in the organization we can have top level motivation as well. And also this article discussed that how the employees motivated by having the Non-cashed rewards and the cashed rewards. This is more important that it also described that the few famous policy makers like Herzberg, Maslow, and Taylor have some contradictions and the author of this article shows and discussed the facts regarding this matter. According to the authors of the Second article- Employee retention and turnover: Using Motivational Variables as a panacea aims to emphasize a research that will tell the story of why the people working in an organization and is leaving the organization. It is described intrinsic and extrinsic factors that will influenced to the turnover of the employees in workplace. And for this they have chosen few organizations and they also have done a research regarding this. They have experiment the motivational factors that affect the turnover and the retention as well. So this is a research based article that will guide us to the important factors on motivation and the turnover or retention of an organisation. It is hard to keep the skilled employees in an organisation. We have to provide many incentives and many rewards to retain those people. So, the motivational factors which we have to consider are the most important factors in any kind of organization. In this article they have shown some theoretical and practical factors that influenced the employees turnover and the retention. It is very hard for the mangers to retain their skilled employees into the organisation. We have to have a good plan to retain the employees where we have to wo rk hard for it. By this understanding also we can identify certain similarities and as well as the disparities of this two articles. Further this report will provide more specific analysis of these two articles. Comparative Analysis: From the first article Performance and Motivation there are mainly aiming to find out the link between the motivation and the performance within the large organizational behaviors. Which author describes that is really essential to improve at the Motivation and reduce the turnover in the organization. But from the second article Employee retention and turnover: Using Motivational Variables as a panacea. discuss about the motivational factors or the variables that will keep the workers in the organization. And also it is very important to keep the skilled workers bond to the organisation. So the two articles have the main similarity among the motivation and the retention of skilled workers. In the first article it is discussed that the few case studies which will guide us to identify some factors that are important to understand the motivational factors in an organization. And also it describes the theoretical comparison as well. The Non-cashed rewards can be a vital part of employees motivation. The author of the first article describes that the non-cashed rewards such as flex time, goal based incentives, and the rewarding the employee of the month will motivate the employee rather than giving some amount of money to the workers. It is also said that communicating this among the employees is the most important part of motivation the people. So these kinds of motivational events may lead to the top performing employees in an organization. In the incentive packages we must consider to give a merchandiser awards that are more effective than the top seller trips. According to the author we can have meetings after every week or month and decided that we can offer the merchandiser award. This is also in the same category of motivation by no-cashed rewards. And also in this article the author has suggest some critical motivational factor that is the employees can show or suggest the changes they need while they performing well. This is very crucial that if an employee is trying to go somewhere else for better offer he can suggest that the need of his difficulty. And also people trying to perform well otherwise they may not have any chances to bargain the incentives. This is a kind of culture making by the employees that they need to perform well. And within this culture employer have not to worry about the employees turn over. And there is one thing that arises in the article that the relationship between employer and employee is so important to the retention of employees. This can be done by having a conversation with the employee and the employer. The employer can ask the stories that the bad and the good situation from the employees of their life. So this will create a big bond between the two parties and the employee may unable to bargain incentives after this kind of conversation. And finally we have seen some important motivational factor in the later part of the article. The motivating language speaks by the leader or the manger to the workers. This is the most influencing way that one can suggest for better motivation and high performance of working. As we can see the above factors can be used as the motivational factors in an organization. So it is important to know the other well established factors in the second article to compare the linkage between the two articles. We have found in the second article that the authors have stated the theoretical aspects of the motivation. The Herzberg has defined some motivational factors that can be taken in to consideration. These are the intrinsic variables he defined achievements, recognitions, advancements, responsibility, work itself and the growth. These are some of the famous motivational factors that can be used to retain the employees. However the article also stated that the extrinsic factors also may have some influenced on the workers retention and the turnover. The factors we have identified in the article are competitive salary, friendly working environment, better interpersonal relationship, and the most important job security. This article is mainly bridging the literature of the motivational factors and the current practical knowledge and makes some model that will describe the entire story of why the employees turnover and retention happens. The second article found many practical factors that will directly effect the motivation and the retention of the employees. So we can find some extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors that influence to the employee turnover and the retention. It is found the following motivation variables have significant influence over the employees motivation, retention and the turnover as well. Training and development Job security Sense of belonging to the organisation Interesting/ challenging work environment Innovative thinking freedom . Conclusion: So as we have discussed in the study there are many motivational factors we can identify from the two articles. The major findings from the article No: 01shows the theoretical aspects of how the motivation should be used to make better performance in an organization. And the Article No: 02 shows us the practical approaches that will make the motivation to reduce the turn over and retain the skilled workers in an organization. We can identify some important factors in the second article which are related to grow in the organisation. And also there are some factors that will be must there to retain the skilled workers and meantime we can make the employees more experience and well trained. According to the second article we found that some motivational factors are crucial for influencing the employees decisions. Training and development, competitive salary package and job security and recognition /rewards are the main motivational variables that will influence the worker capacity up and also better performance in the workplace as well. In the first article is also shows us the motivational factors that will describe the factors which are related to the cases and getting the essence of that studies. We can find some motivational factors in the first article can be very important to the performance of the workers.